Nothing should lean in any direction. Plumb and level all scaffolds as the erection proceeds. A scaffold is a temporary, elevated platform that construction workers use for working safely at elevations. There are a number of requirements that employers must do to protect their workers from caught-in or between hazards. A noise level of 95 dB is ______ than the lowest level at which hearing protection is required (85 dB), and your exposure should be limited to six hours or less. Protect themselves by wearing the proper PPE Then a few days before the scaff o l d materials are delivered, make a final jobsite check for the following items. Electricity travels in closed circuits, and its normal route is through a conductor. By accepting, you agree to the updated privacy policy. 1926.452 (c) (4) The type of fall protection required will depend upon: The four main causes of crane accidents are contact with power lines, overturns, falls and mechanical failure. Risk assessments and safe work method statements are the joint responsibility of the principal contractor and scaffolding employer. B. Note: Except where . When nails are not used, brackets shall be secured in place with first-grade manila rope of at least three-fourth inch (1.9 cm) diameter, or equivalent. Scaffold platforms shall not be bridged one to another. Each bearer shall be securely fastened to the platform. B. Brackets (including those provided with pointed metal projections) shall be anchored in place by nails unless it is impractical to use nails. Power systems used to propel mobile scaffolds shall be designed for such use. Crawling boards shall be secured to the roof by ridge hooks or by means that meet equivalent criteria (e.g., strength and durability). Personal Fall Arrest System. C. Electricity jumps its normal path and strikes a person Folding type metal brackets, when extended for use, shall be either bolted or secured with a locking-type pin. 6. It appears that you have an ad-blocker running. b. Coefficients are used to balance the atoms on both sides. The ropes shall be securely attached to the needle beams. Prior to starting all demolition operations, OSHA 1926.850 (a) requires that an engineering survey of the structure be conducted by a competent person. Provide guards on power tools and other equipment with moving parts. 7. Tube and coupler scaffolds over 125 feet in height shall be designed by a registered professional engineer, and shall be constructed and loaded in accordance with such design. Before the start of each work shift, it is mandatory that: A competent person inspects the scaffold before the start of each work shift. 2. . Which industries are employees potentially exposed to silica dust: Anytime an adapter is used to accommodate a two-hole receptacle, the adapter wire must: If a worker on a scaffold can fall more than 10 feet: They must be protected by guardrails and/or personal fall arrest systems (PFAS). 3. The ladder must extend 1 m (3 ft.) above the landing. Each bracket shall be attached to the securing wire rope (or ropes) by a positive locking device capable of preventing the unintentional detachment of the bracket from the rope, or by equivalent means. Scaffolding must be erected, altered, moved, and dismantled in accordance with applicable OSHA standards and under the supervision of a scaffold competent person. We've updated our privacy policy. Plumb and brace poles, legs, posts, frames, and uprights to prevent swaying and displacement. All ladders used to support ladder jack scaffolds shall meet the requirements of subpart X of this part -- Stairways and Ladders, except that job-made ladders shall not be used to support ladder jack scaffolds. Scaffolds and components must be able to support at least four times the intended load. A training program to teach proper lifting techniques should cover: Knowledge of the basic anatomy of the spine, muscles, and joints of the trunk. Manual force used to move the scaffold shall be applied as close to the base as practicable, but not more than 5 feet (1.5 m) above the supporting surface. USA (v. 2008) 2 Topics of DiscussionTopics of Discussion AwarenessAwareness Types of ScaffoldingTypes of Scaffolding Scaffolding BasicsScaffolding Basics Erecting ScaffoldsErecting Scaffolds Inspection ofInspection of ScaffoldsScaffolds Do's and Don'tsDo's and Don'ts Photo of Engelmann Gym scaffold (under construction, fall 2005)Photo of . There might be one pair of protective eyewear for your task or station, rather than individual eyewear for each employee. Why do we characterize the heat conduction ability of insulators in terms of their apparent thermal conductivity instead of the ordinary thermal conductivity? Additional requirements applicable to specific types of scaffolds. 3. Platforms shall be secured to the brackets in a manner that will prevent the separation of the platforms from the brackets and the movement of the platforms or the brackets on a completed scaffold. When moving platforms to the next level, the existing platform shall be left undisturbed until the new end frames have been set in place and braced prior to receiving the new platforms. Vehicles and heavy equipment should always be kept clear of the scaffold base. The frames must be plumb and level and spaced to adequately support the loads. All diagonal . C. To send every worker home whole and healthy every day When balancing a chemical equation. Caster stems and wheel stems shall be pinned or otherwise secured in scaffold legs or adjustment screws. The scaffold assembly must be designed to comply with Local, State and Federal safety requirements. Scaffolding in this Guide means the individual components, for example tubes, couplers Consider printing out and using a scaffolding safety procedures checklist. Surfaces on which stilts are used shall be flat and free of pits, holes and obstructions, such as debris, as well as other tripping and falling hazards. DO NOT ABUSE OR MISUSE THE SCAFFOLD EQUIPMENT. No employee is on any part of the scaffold which extends outward beyond the wheels, casters, or other supports. The scaffold is positioned so that swinging cannot bring the scaffold into contact with another surface. (Do not use insulating Styrofoam cups.) Scaffolds made of wood shall be reinforced with gussets on both sides of each corner. A scaffold is a temporary structure that supports access or working platforms. Scaffolds must be braced by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, or a combination thereof. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. Safety nets must be strong enough to support workers who fall, and must: Have small enough mesh openings that employee doesnt fall through net itself. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: Answer: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold A scaffold is a temporary structure erected to support access or working platforms. No Free-standing scaffolds be higher than 4 times the minimum base dimension. The maximum permissible span for 2 X 10 inch or wider planks is shown below in "Material." . A thorough understanding of all aspects of Scaffolds shall be securely attached to the window opening. When dismantling a scaffold, all work should be conducted: Tube and coupler scaffolds over 125 feet high must be designed by: What type of scaffold other than the tube and coupler scaffold is ideal for use around complex structures? The mission of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is: A. On scaffolds whose length is less than their height, such bracing shall be installed from the base of the end posts upward to the opposite end posts, and then in alternating directions until reaching the top of the scaffold. Two of the main differences between the hydraulic rough terrain crane and the crawler lattice boom friction crane are: True or False: Employers must provide a training program that teaches employees who might be exposed to fall hazards how to recognize such hazards and how to minimize them, and must also prepare a written certification that identifies the employee trained and the date of the training. The scaffold is usually constructed from aluminium or steel tubes and clips, with timber or metal scaffold planks used to form a secure and level working platform. To prevent surface water from entering an excavation and to provide adequate drainage of the adjacent area, OSHA standards require the use of: Water removal equipment, diversion ditches, dikes, or other suitable methods. Pump jack brackets, braces, and accessories shall be fabricated from metal plates and angles. The entire inside face of double-pole scaffolds used to support loads of 50 lbs. Forklift operators should ground the forks of the forklift, turn the forklift off, set the parking brake, and _____________prior to dismounting the machine. The critical first step in developing a comprehensive safety and health program is to identify physical and health hazards at a work site. Bearers shall be installed transversely between posts, and when coupled to the posts, shall have the inboard coupler bear directly on the runner coupler. Review the foundation. Other common components are scaffold boards and edge protection. Independent support lines and suspension ropes shall not be attached to the same points of anchorage. Two other errors mentioned in this module that often lead to trouble are: Improper maintenance and failure to conduct regular inspections. Personal Fall Arrest System. The inboard end of outrigger beams, measured from the fulcrum point to the extreme point of anchorage, shall be not less than one and one-half times the outboard end in length. Guard or securely cover all holes created or uncovered before leaving a work area Runners shall be erected along the length of . Where uplift can occur which would displace scaffold end frames or panels, the frames or panels shall be locked together vertically by pins or equivalent means. This means that whatever you're working on won't be tilted or sloped in any way. Every element of your orientation must be exact. Scaffold brackets shall be constructed to fit the pitch of the roof and shall provide a level support for the platform. Scaffolds must be erected in accordance with design and/or manufacturers' recommendations. Scaffolds constructed of tube and coupler components shall also comply with the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section; Scaffolds constructed of fabricated frame components shall also comply with the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section. Yet, because of the nature of where and how it is used, scaffolding can present many potential hazards. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold Using cranes to hoist material can have serious consequences if the process is not performed properly. A. Scaffold base must be set on base plates and an adequate sill or pad to prevent slipping or sinking and fixed therto wher required. By definition a scaffold is a temporary, elevated platform Cleats and overhang are not considered to be adequate means of attachment. Where wooden poles are spliced, the ends shall be squared and the upper section shall rest squarely on the lower section. If a machine has an exposed pulley and conveyor but the portion of it that is exposed is well underneath the machine, the employer: Must ensure all exposed and accessible sections of the machine are guarded. Be supported by bearing blocks securely attached to the poles. Scaffolds shall be plumb, level, and squared. Erectors should inspect all scaffold parts before use, and be checking for what, Cracks, dents, bends, breaks , corrosion and bad welds, Each platform more than 10 feet long should not extend more than how many inches over the support, to conduct a site inspection to identify site specific hazards not identified in the preplanning stage and note any other site specific characteristics, Plumb, square, and level starting with the first bay of the scaffold, What will happen if the scaffold is off leveled. Scaffolds shall be suspended only from the roof structure or other structural member such as ceiling beams. Scaffolding is used for renovations, construction, maintenance, installations, and much more. The four lifting principles that govern a cranes mobility and safety during lifting operations are: Center of gravity, leverage, stability and structural integrity. Ladders used to support step, platform, and trestle ladder scaffolds shall be placed, fastened, or equipped with devices to prevent slipping. . Knowing Chemical manufacturers and importers must convey the hazard information they learn from their evaluations to downstream employers by means of labels on containers and: Under the new HAZCOM/GHS requirements for Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) they must now have 16 total Sections. And workers must be trained by a qualified person before they use the scaffold. A. The use of gray cast iron is prohibited. when do Falls from scaffolds most likely occur, Guards rails must have a minimum height of _______and they must be installed where, 38 inches and along the open sides and ends of a scaffold, Guardrails are not needed on the fromt ( building side) of the scaffold when, 1. the front end of all platforms is less than 14 inches from the face of the work Damaged or deteriorated equipment must not be used USA (v. 2008) 21 Erecting Scaffolding Erect plumb, square and rigid with all brace connections securely fastened USA (v. 2008) 22 Tubular Welded-frame Scaffolds Be sure scaffold stays plumb and level as erection progresses For mobile scaffolds, use a horizontal diagonal brace, for "Bricklayers' square scaffolds (squares). We need to follow scaffolding safety procedures. Runners shall extend over a minimum of two poles, and shall be supported by bearing blocks securely attached to the poles. 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